Charity Tax Guide

Charity Corporation Tax Rules and Charity Corporation Tax Return CT600

A complete guide for UK charity trustees on CT600 filing requirements, taxable income, and HMRC compliance

Last updated: May 2026 15 min read Corporation Tax

Do Charities Need to File a Corporation Tax Return?

Many charity trustees are confused about the HMRC rules around charity Corporation Tax returns and the CT600 filing requirements. This confusion has increased following the changes introduced from 01 April 2026, where HMRC removed its free online service for charities to submit simple or nil Corporation Tax returns.

Good news: Most UK charities do not normally pay Corporation Tax and do not routinely need to file a CT600 Corporation Tax return. However, there are situations where a charity must submit a return to HMRC, even if no tax is due.

This guide explains when charities must file a CT600 Corporation Tax return, what counts as taxable income for charities, the new HMRC online filing rules from 01/04/2026, charity trading and Corporation Tax exemptions, CT600 filing deadlines and penalties, and frequently asked questions about charity Corporation Tax rules.

This article is written for UK charity trustees, charity managers, charitable companies, CIOs, small charities, volunteer run charities, and nonprofit organisations.

What Is a Charity Corporation Tax Return CT600?

A CT600 is the official HMRC Corporation Tax return used by companies and charitable companies to report taxable income, gains, and Corporation Tax liabilities.

Most registered charities benefit from charity tax exemptions (HMRC guidance). Because of this, many charities do not need to pay Corporation Tax.

However, a charity may still need to file a CT600 return if:

  • HMRC formally issues a CT603 Notice to Deliver a Company Tax Return
  • The charity has taxable trading income
  • The charity has gains not covered by charity exemptions
  • Income has not been applied for charitable purposes

Important: Even if no tax is payable, HMRC can still legally require a charity to submit a CT600 return.

Do Charities Normally Have to File a Corporation Tax Return?

No. Most UK charities do not routinely file Corporation Tax returns.

A charity only normally needs to file a CT600 return if:

1 HMRC Sends a CT603 Notice

HMRC may issue a formal notice called a "Notice to Deliver a Company Tax Return (HMRC guidance)", commonly known as a CT603 notice.

If HMRC issues this notice, the charity must file a Corporation Tax return by the deadline, even if:

  • No Corporation Tax is due
  • The charity made no profit
  • The charity had little or no activity

2 The Charity Has Taxable Income or Gains

A charity may need to file a CT600 return if it has:

  • Non primary purpose trading income
  • Investment income not exempt from tax
  • Gains from selling assets
  • Income not applied for charitable purposes

In practice, many small charities remain fully exempt because their activities fall within HMRC charity tax exemptions.

Important Update

HMRC Changes to Charity Tax Return Filing From 01/04/2026

Before 01/04/2026

Charities could submit a simple or nil Corporation Tax return directly through HMRC's online service.

From 01/04/2026 Onwards

That service has now closed. If a charity must file a Corporation Tax return, it normally must:

  • Use commercial Corporation Tax software, or
  • Appoint an accountant or tax adviser to file electronically using software

There is no longer a free HMRC online CT600 filing option for most charities.

This change has caused difficulties for many volunteer run charities and small charitable organisations that previously relied on HMRC's free online filing service. If you need help with CT600 filing, contact our team.

Can Charities Still File Paper Corporation Tax Returns?

HMRC may allow paper filing in limited circumstances, but this is uncommon.

Possible Exceptions

  • Serious accessibility issues
  • Welsh language filing requirements
  • Other recognised reasonable excuses accepted by HMRC

Unlikely to Be Accepted

  • The charity cannot afford software
  • Trustees are too busy
  • The charity is volunteer run

Note: Most charities required to file a CT600 will now need to file electronically using approved software.

What Counts as Taxable Income for a Charity?

Many forms of charity income are exempt from Corporation Tax when applied for charitable purposes. However, some income may still become taxable.

Examples of Potentially Taxable Income

A charity may need to file a CT600 return where it receives:

Non primary purpose trading income
Commercial trading profits
Income not used for charitable purposes
Certain capital gains
Rental or investment income outside exemptions

The rules are complex and depend on the charity's structure, activities, and how the income is used. Read HMRC's guidance on charity trading and taxation.

Primary Purpose Trading

Primary purpose trading is trading activity that directly supports or advances the charity's charitable aims and objectives.

This type of income is generally exempt from Corporation Tax.

Examples:

  • A school charging tuition fees
  • A museum charging admission fees
  • A charity selling educational materials linked to its aims
  • A care charity providing care services aligned with objectives

Non Primary Purpose Trading

Non primary purpose trading refers to commercial or fundraising activity not directly connected to the charity's aims.

This income may become taxable if it exceeds exemption limits.

Examples:

  • Selling advertising
  • Operating a commercial café unrelated to purpose
  • General retail trading
  • Commercial sponsorship arrangements

Small Trading Tax Exemption

HMRC allows charities to carry out limited non primary purpose trading without paying Corporation Tax, provided turnover remains below the exemption thresholds. If trading exceeds these limits, some or all profits may become taxable.

The thresholds depend on the charity's overall income and circumstances. Read the full HMRC guidance on charity trading exemptions.

Tip: Because charity tax rules can be complex, trustees should seek professional advice where trading activities increase.

Can Charities Make a Profit?

Yes. A charity is allowed to make profits provided:

Making a surplus does not automatically create a Corporation Tax liability.

Corporation Tax Deadlines for Charities

Filing Deadline

The CT600 return must normally be filed:

12 months

after the end of the accounting period

Payment Deadline

If Corporation Tax is payable:

9 months + 1 day

after the accounting period ends

Important: Even where no tax is due, late filing penalties can still apply. Read HMRC's guidance on Corporation Tax penalties.

Appealing HMRC Penalties

HMRC may issue penalties if a CT600 return is submitted late, even if no Corporation Tax is payable. This applies even to volunteer run charities or those with very small income.

Can a Charity Appeal Late Filing Penalties?

Yes. A charity can appeal late filing penalties. HMRC may consider factors such as:

Serious illness
Bereavement
Unexpected events
Volunteer run structure
Lack of financial expertise
Genuine misunderstanding of new rules

Many trustees report that HMRC can be helpful and understanding where charities engage with them promptly and honestly.

HMRC Charity Helpline

Telephone: 0300 123 1073

Opening hours: Monday to Friday, 8:30am to 5pm excluding bank holidays.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Final Thoughts on Charity Corporation Tax and CT600 Returns

Most UK charities do not normally pay Corporation Tax or routinely file CT600 returns. However, trustees should not ignore HMRC correspondence, especially CT603 notices.

The changes introduced from 01/04/2026 mean that charities required to file Corporation Tax returns will usually need commercial software or professional support to comply with HMRC requirements.

Trustees should monitor charity trading activities carefully and seek professional advice where there is uncertainty about taxable income, exemptions, or filing obligations.

For many charities, early advice can prevent penalties, reduce stress, and ensure full HMRC compliance.

Need Help With Your Charity Corporation Tax?

We can help you understand your CT600 filing obligations, navigate the new HMRC requirements, and ensure your charity remains compliant. Our team specialises in charity accounting and tax matters.

HMRC Charity Helpline

0300 123 1073

Monday to Friday, 8:30am to 5pm